Carpal Bones
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- Are arranged in two rows of four (lateral to medial): Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, and Hamate (mnemonic device: Sandra Likes To Pat Tom's Two Cold Hands). (Trapezium precedes trapezoid alphabetically.)
Proximal row (lateral to medial): scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform
- Except for the pisiform, articulates with the radius and the articular disk (the ulna has no contact with the carpal bones). The pisiform is said to be a sesamoid bone contained in the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon.
Distal row (lateral to medial): trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate |
Metacarpals
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- Are miniature long bones consisting of bases (proximal ends), shafts (bodies), and heads (distal ends).
- Heads form the knuckles of the fist.
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Phalanges
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- Are miniature long bones consisting of bases, shafts, and heads. The heads of the proximal and middle phalanges form the knuckles.
- Occur in fingers (three each) and thumb (two).
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