Shoulder - Inferosuperior (IS) Axial (Lawrence Method)

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Name of projection	Shoulder - Inferosuperior (IS) Axial (Lawrence Method)
Area Covered	Proximal humerus, lesser tubercle of humerus, coracoid process of scapula, scapulohumeral joint
Pathology shown	Fractures and or dislocations of the proximal humerus, oesteoporosis, osteoarthritis, Hill-Sachs defect
Radiographic Anatomy	Shoulder Radiographic Anatomy
IR Size & Orientation	18 x 24cm Landscape
Film / Screen Combination	Detail (CR and DR as recommended by manufacturer)
Bucky / Grid	No
Filter	No
Exposure	55 kVp 8 mAs
FFD / SID	100cm
Central Ray	CR directed medially 25° to 30° Centred horizontally to axilla and humeral head
Collimation	Four sides of collimation To the shoulder joint
Markers	Anterior and lateral marker orientation AP
Shielding	Gonadal (check your department's policy guidelines)
Respiration	Suspended
Positioning	Lawrence method Patient supine on the X-ray table Extend chin and rotate the head away from the affected side Place IR against the superior surface of the affected shoulder Abduct affected arm away from the body 90° if possible Externally rotate arm, palm up with support under arm CR directed medially 25° to 30° Centred horizontally to axilla and humeral head This view may also be performed prone using the West Point Method
Critique PACEMAN	Positioning Area Covered Collimation Exposure
Special Notes

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