Ribs - AP Lower (9-12)
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Radiographic Positioning
Adult | Other related pages of interest |
Name of projection | Ribs - AP Lower (9-12) (See "Special Notes" below). |
Area Covered | This view best shows the posterior ribs. It also shows the diaphragm. |
Pathology shown | Pathologies of the ribs, particularly, fractures of the lower posterior ribs. |
Radiographic Anatomy | Ribs radiographic anatomy |
IR Size & Orientation | 35 x 43 cm Landscape usually, but may be portrait depending on body habitus D.R. may cover 43 x 43 cm |
Film / Screen Combination | Regular (CR and DR as recommended by manufacturer) |
Bucky / Grid | Moving or Stationary Grid |
Filter | No |
Exposure | 75 kVp 30 mAs |
FFD / SID | 100 cm |
Central Ray | Directed to the midsaggital plane at the level of the midpoint between the xiphoid process and the level of the lower costal margins. Perpendicular to the IR (Ensuring the level of the iliac crests is aligned with the inferior border of the IR will ensure the lower ribs will be included in the image). |
Collimation | Centre: At the midsaggital plane, at the level of the midpoint between the xiphoid process and the level of the lower costal margins Shutter A: Open to include the iliac crests inferiorly Shutter B: Open to include the lung fields and ribs laterally. |
Markers | Inferior and Lateral Marker orientation AP |
Shielding | Gonadal (check your department's policy guidelines) |
Respiration | On suspended expiration This ensures the diapragm is as high as possible, allowing as many lower ribs as possible to be seen |
Positioning | |
Critique | Positioning
Collimation
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Special Notes | PA vs AP Rib views There are several factors that will determine whether a PA or an AP rib view is indicated for the X-ray examination. The following information should be considered - the patient's clinical history - the mechanism of injury - the region of the rib cage which is painful The cortical margins and bony trabeculation of the ribs closest to the IR/bucky will be sharper and clearer. Therefore, Anterior ribs are best shown on a PA view & Posterior ribs are best shown on an AP view. |