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Is a synovial condylar joint formed superiorly by the radius and the articular disk and inferiorly by the proximal row of carpal bones (scaphoid, lunate, and rarely triquetrum),exclusive of the pisiform.
Has a capsule that is strengthened by radial and ulnar collateral ligaments and dorsal and palmar radiocarpal ligaments.
Allows flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, and circumduction.
Midcarpal joint
Forms a synovial plane joint between the proximal and distal rows of carpal bones and allows
gliding and sliding movements.
Is a compound articulation: laterally, the scaphoid articulates with the trapezium and trapezoid, forming a plane joint ; and medially, the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum articulate with the capitate and hamate, forming a condylar (ellipsoidal type) joint.
Carpometacarpal joints
Form synovial saddle (sellar) joints between the carpal bone (trapezium) and the first metacarpal bone, allowing flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, and circumduction.
Also form plane joints between the carpal bones and the medial four metacarpal bones, allowing a simple gliding movement.
Metacarpophalangeal joints
Are condyloid joints, supported by a palmar ligament and two collateral ligaments, and allow flexion and extension and abduction and adduction.
Interphalangeal joints
Are hinge joints, supported by a palmar ligament and two collateral ligaments, and allow flexion and extension.