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Has a smooth, rounded, articular surface and articulates with the scapula at the glenohumeral joint.
Anatomic neck
Is an indentation distal to the head of the humerus and provides for the attachment of the fibrous joint capsule.
Greater tubercle
Lies just lateral to the anatomic neck and provides attachments for the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles.
Lesser tubercle
Lies on the anterior medial side of the humerus, just distal to the anatomic neck, and provides an insertion for the subscapularis muscle.
Intertubercular (bicipital) groove
Lies between the greater and lesser tubercles, lodges the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle, and is bridged by the transverse humeral ligament , which restrains the tendon of the biceps brachii long head.
Provides insertions for the pectoralis major on its lateral lip , the teres major on its medial lip , and the latissimus dorsi on its floor.
Surgical neck
Is a narrow area distal to the tubercles that is a common site of fracture and is in contact with the axillary nerve and the posterior humeral circumflex artery.
Deltoid tuberosity
Is a V-shaped roughened area on the lateral aspect of the midshaft that marks the insertion of the deltoid muscle.
Spiral groove
Contains the radial nerve, separating the origin of the lateral head of the triceps above and the origin of the medial head below.
Trochlea
Is the medial articular surface, shaped like a spool, and articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna.
Capitulum
Is the lateral articular surface, globular in shape, and articulates with the head of the radius.
Olecranon fossa
Is a posterior depression above the trochlea of the humerus that houses the olecranon of the ulna on full extension of the forearm.
Coronoid fossa
Is an anterior depression above the trochlea of the humerus that accommodates the coronoid process of the ulna on flexion of the elbow.
Radial fossa
Is an anterior depression above the capitulum that is occupied by the head of the radius during full flexion of the elbow joint.
Lateral epicondyle
Projects from the capitulum and provides the origin of the supinator and extensor muscles of the forearm.
Medial epicondyle
Projects from the trochlea and has a groove on the back for the ulnar nerve and superior ulnar collateral artery.
Provides attachment sites for the ulnar collateral ligament, the pronator teres, and the common tendon of the forearm flexor muscles.